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+====== Mosaba ======
+{{wst>author|[[Foskett, Stephen|Stephen Foskett]] ([[https://grail-watch.com/|Grail Watch]])}}
+**Mosaba** was the marketing name used by [[ESA]] for their [[tuning fork]] movement, produced under license from [[Bulova]] between [[1968]] and the mid-1970s. ESA calibers included **9160**, **9162**, **9164**, and **9210**. These movements are also referred to as **Swissonic 100**, **Speedsonic** (Omega), and **Ultronic** (Longines), among other names.
+===== History =====
+The [[Bulova Accutron]] was tremendously successful from its launch in [[1961]]. [[Ebauches SA]] was developing [[electric watch]]es and experimenting with [[quartz]] technology but could not compete with the patented Accutron. In [[1963]], after designing the famed [[Accutron 214]] movement, [[Max Hetzel]] left [[Bulova]] to design a similar movement for Ebauches SA. ESA licensed the Accutron technology in [[1968]] and put their updated version of the Bulova design into production almost immediately. The central component was named **Mosaba** for "Montres Sans Balancier" ("watch with no balance wheel"). These were produced as part of the "[[Swissonic]]" line as the "Swissonic 100" range.
+ESA named these original movements Cal. 9160 (no date), 9162 (date), and 9164 (day/date). It was a 13 ligne movement with 12 jewels operating at 300 Hz. ESA used a "compensated" metal tuning fork which operated slower than the 360 Hz or 480 Hz Bulova. Cal. 9160 appears in print in [[1968]], with Cal. 9162 added in [[1969]], and Cal. 9164 in [[1972]].
+ESA also produced a [[modular chronograph]] version known as Cal. 9210 by [[1972]]. This was the first electronic chronograph movement, and the only tuning fork [[chronograph]] movement ever produced. The base movement is identical to the 9162 but a dial-side chronograph module from [[Dubois-Depraz]] is added. The module has its own day and date wheels, which rotate smoothly rather than jumping once per day. The complex chronograph module was designed specially for the tuning fork movement and features a [[vertical clutch]] for smooth engagement. The Chronograph had a 6-9-12 layout, with 12 hour counter at 6 00, 30 minute counter at 9 00, and running small seconds at 12 00.
+Although well-designed and successful, tuning fork movements fell out of favor as more-accurate and durable [[quartz movement]]s were introduced through the 1970s. The last company to use this movement was [[Technos]], which the Technos Mosaba model in [[1990]], the last tuning fork watch offered for sale by any company. Just 200 were made using refinished original Mosaba movements.
+===== Applications =====
+  * [[Baume & Mercier]]/[[Piaget]] "Tronosonic"
+  * [[Certina]] "Certronic" Cal. 29-151 (date) and 29-152 (day/date)
+  * [[Eterna]] Cal. 1550 (date) and Cal. 1551 (day/date)
+  * [[IWC]] Cal. 150 (date) and Cal. 160 (day/date)
+  * [[Longines]] "Ultronic" Cal. 6132 (date) and Cal. 6332 (day/date)
+  * [[Omega]] "Speedsonic" Cal. 1250 (date), Cal. 1255 (chronograph), and Cal. 1260 (day/date)
+  * [[Tissot]] "Tissonic" Cal. 2010 (date) and Cal. 2020 (day/date)
+  * [[Zenith]] Cal. 50.0 (date) and Cal. 50.5 (day/date)
+===== External Links =====
+  * [[http://members.iinet.net.au/~fotoplot/acctechesa.htm|ESA 9162]]
+  * [[http://members.iinet.net.au/~fotoplot/acctechesa2.htm|Esa 9210 Chronograph (Omega 1255)]]
+===== See Also =====
+  * [[Swissonic]]
+  * [[Megasonic]]
+  * [[Bulova Accutron]]
+{{tag>Tuning_fork_movements Chronograph_movements ESA_calibres ESA_Swissonic_calibres}}