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+====== Zenith 3019PHC ======
+Calibre **3019PHC** is an [[automatic]] [[chronograph]] movement from [[Zenith]]. Released in [[1969]], this was one of the first [[automatic chronograph]]s ever and spawned the entire [[Zenith El Primero calibres|El Primero movement family]].
+===== Overview =====
+In the 1960s there was a race to develop the world's first [[automatic chronograph]] The [[Chronomatic]] group, [[Seiko]], and [[Zenith]].
+Realizing that the Chronomatic announcement was imminent, Zenith rushed to preempt them. The unveiled their "El Primero" ("The First") movement and watches in a quiet press conference in Geneva on January 10 of the same year. They had begun developing their integrated automatic chronograph at the beginning of the decade, with the project stalled and restarted later. By late 1968, a few El Primero prototypes had been produced and these were shown to the world in January. It was not until late in 1969 that Zenith was able to produce customer-ready movements and watches. By this time, both the [[Chronomatic]] and [[Seiko 6139]] were already in production and available to customers.
+The development of the El Primero had already begun in [[1967]]. While the Calibre 11 "[[Chronomatic]]" only made 19,800 [[semicycles]], the El Primero oscillated with 36,000 [[semicycles]], which was unusual for the time. In the 1960s the engineers at Zenith had succeeded in doubling the frequency to 36,000 oscillations.
+The first model of the 'El Primero' was available in two versions [[Zenith 3019PHC|Cal. 3019PHC]] had the unmistakable [[date display]] at the 4 00 location while [[Zenith 3019PHF|Cal. 3019PHF]] featured the day, month and [[moon-phase indication]]. The [[weight segment]] in [[tungsten carbide]] registered even the smallest, otherwise not perceptible movements of the wearer's arm. The [[power reserve]] amounted to more than 50 hours, the [[weight segment]] was embellished by the company logo. The El Primero [[movement]] has a diameter of 30 mm and with only 6.5 mm is very flat. Due to its high oscillation rate, it is also the only [[chronograph]] movement, which permits a short-term measurement of 1/10 seconds. Other advantages are the instantaneous date change and a dry lubrication on molybdenum-sulfide basis.
+===== Reissue =====
+Although technically advanced, the El Primero series fell victim to the [[quartz crisis]] and Zenith stopped production around [[1975]]. The tooling and parts were set aside.
+In [[1985]], Zenith resurrected the line, reissuing Cal. 3019PHC as **Cal. 40.0**. The next year, the movement was renamed **Cal. 400**. It remains in production today. Because of the unconventional date window placement at 4 30, Zenith created a new calibre, [[Zenith 400B|Cal. 400B]], which moved the date to the 6 00 position.
+===== See Also =====
+  * [[Zenith 3019PHF]]
+  * [[Zenith 400B]]
+  * [[Zenith El Primero]]
+  * [[Zenith El Primero calibres]]
+  * [[Zenith El Primero watches]]
+<WRAP ud ud_mov>
+**Description:**
+  * [[Self-winding]] movement, bi-directional [[central rotor]] winding
+  * [[Escapement]] Stone lever
+  * [[Yoke winding system]]
+  * [[Column wheel]] calibre
+  * 278 components
+**Functions:**
+  * [[Chronograph]] 60 seconds, 30 minutes, 12 hours
+  * [[Small seconds]]
+  * [[Quickset]] date at 4 30
+**Data:**
+  * 13¼ [[ligne]]s
+  * D 30.0 mm, H 6.5 mm
+  * 17/31 [[jewels]]
+  * 36,000 A/h
+  * Power reserve 50 hours
+**Production period:**
+  * [[1969]]-[[1975]], [[1985]]-present
+</WRAP>
+{{tag>Movements Automatic_movements Chronograph_movements Automatic_chronograph_movements Column_wheel_chronograph_movements High-beat_movements Zenith_calibres Zenith_El_Primero_calibres}}